What Is Culture Shock? Signs, Stages, and How to Cope

Imagine arriving in a new country. At first, everything feels exciting—new sights, new people, and endless possibilities. However, as days pass, challenges may appear. You might struggle with language barriers, unfamiliar customs, or even using public transport. These small hurdles can quickly feel overwhelming.

This emotional shift is known as culture shock. It’s a common and natural reaction to a new environment. Understanding what culture shock is, including its signs, stages, and how to cope, can help you feel more in control. With patience, support, and the right strategies, adjusting to a new culture becomes easier—and even enjoyable.

What Is Culture Shock?

Culture shock is the feeling of confusion or discomfort in a new and unfamiliar culture. Suddenly, everything around you—language, food, customs, and daily routines—feels different. This emotional response is completely normal and often affects international students, travelers, and expats.

This experience is completely normal and not a sign of failure. Many people go through culture shock when they move abroad or start school in a different country. These feelings happen because your brain is trying to adapt to new rules and behaviors.

Common symptoms of culture shock include anxiety, homesickness, frustration, physical fatigue or even trouble sleeping. You might miss the comfort of familiar routines and the ease of your home culture. However, these feelings usually fade as you settle in and find your routine.

The 4 Stages of Culture Shock

Culture shock doesn’t happen all at once—it often happens in stages. By understanding each phase, you can better manage your emotions while adjusting.

Honeymoon Phase
Just like in a new relationship, everything feels exciting and new at first. You’re curious about local traditions, food, and daily life. This stage often feels like a cultural adventure, full of wonder and new discoveries. However, this phase usually doesn’t last long.
Frustration Phase
As time goes on, the excitement starts to fade, and cultural differences become more noticeable. Language barriers, unfamiliar routines, and homesickness can create feelings of loneliness or frustration. Students may struggle to understand expectations or deeply miss their family and friends. This stage often feels the hardest but it’s also the most important to get through.
Adjustment Phase
Slowly, you begin to find your rhythm. You adapt to your surroundings, form new friendships, and create routines that feel natural. Maybe now, you can confidently order food or keep up with the pace of the city. Litte by little, things feel more familiar and far less stressful.
Acceptance Phase
In this final stage, you feel a sense of belonging in your new home. You still notice differences, but they no longer feel overwhelming. Instead, you start to appreciate them. You’ve built new routines, formed connections, and built confidence in your new surroundings.

By understanding the stages of culture shock, you can better prepare for the emotional highs and lows of adjusting abroad.

How to Deal with Culture Shock

While culture shock can feel overwhelming, it’s also completely normal. The good news? You won’t be stuck with these feelings for too long. There are practical tips to help you adjust and thrive in your new environment.

Top 5 Tips to Deal with Culture Shock

1. Give Yourself Time to Adapt

Adjustment takes time, don’t rush it. Be patient and kind to yourself. Feeling uncomfortable is normal, but growth lies on the other side.

2. Establish a Daily Routine

A routine provides structure and reduces stress. Even small habits like morning gym sessions or regular café breaks can quickly build comfort.

3. Connect with Other Students or Locals

Don’t isolate yourself. Join clubs, say hello, or attend local events. Community helps you feel supported and less alone.

4. Stay Open-Minded and Curious

See differences as learning opportunities. Ask questions, stay curious, and explore without judgment. Growth happens outside your comfort zone.

5. Learn Local Customs or Language

Take time to understand your new culture. Learning greetings, local norms, or basic phrases makes daily life easier and builds respect.

By following these steps, you’ll not only learn how to deal with culture shock, but also build confidence and resilience. Remember, everyone’s journey is different, and there’s no “right” way to adapt.

Culture Shock for International Students

For international students, culture shock often appears in academic and social situations. Life at a university abroad may feel very different. You’re not just learning in class, you’re adjusting to a whole new culture.

Common Challenges:

New academic expectations: you may need to handle more independent learning.
Making friends in a new culture: social norms, humor, or small talk may feel unfamiliar or even awkward at first.
Differences in communication styles: nonverbal cues like eye contact, tone, or gestures can lead to confusion.

Fortunately, many universities provide strong support for international students adjusting to a new culture. Start by visiting the international student office, they offer helpful advice, useful resources, and a welcoming place to ask questions. You can also join student clubs or attend campus events to meet new people and feel more connected.

Final Thoughts

Culture shock is a normal part of adapting to life in a new country. It may feel overwhelming, but it won’t last forever. Many students and travelers go through the same emotions—confusion, loneliness, or frustration—and eventually find their rhythm.

You’re not alone in this journey. Others around you may be feeling the same way, even if they don’t show it. Support is always available if you reach out and stay open to new experiences.

At OHLA, we’re here to help you every step of the way, whether you need academic support, a friendly face, or someone to talk to.

Visit your campus advisor, join our student events, or stop by the front desk. We’re here for you.

Ready to take your English to the next level? Study at OHLA Schools, a top U.S. English academy with 25+ years of experience.

Learn more about our programs at www.ohla.com and get in touch with one of our many Student Advisors who will help you every step of the way.

Want to read more? Mastering Small Talk: A Guide for International Students.